Glutathione Supplements: Why Most Fail and What Raises Levels
Oral glutathione is largely broken down before absorption. Liposomal forms and the precursors NAC and glycine have better human data for raising cellular levels. The doses studies used.
Antioxidants
Astaxanthin: Replicated Trials for Skin, Eye Strain and Recovery
Astaxanthin has replicated trials for skin elasticity, eye-focus fatigue and exercise recovery; lipid and cognition data are smaller. Trials used 4–12 mg a day.
EGCG and Green Tea: Fat Loss, Glucose and the 800 mg Liver Limit
EGCG, green tea's main catechin, has modest trial effects on fat loss, post-meal glucose and blood pressure. The doses studied, why absorption is poor, and the liver-safety ceiling around 800 mg a day.
Quercetin: Modest Trial Effects and a Bioavailability Problem
Quercetin has modest trial evidence for blood pressure, inflammation markers and allergy symptoms, but plain powder absorbs poorly. Which forms absorb, the doses studies used, and safety.
Resveratrol: Poor Absorption and Mixed Results in Human Trials
Resveratrol is poorly absorbed, and human trials show small, inconsistent metabolic effects — it can even blunt some exercise adaptations. What the trials found and what the red-wine story leaves out.
Sulforaphane: NRF2, Broccoli Sprouts and the Myrosinase Problem
Sulforaphane switches on the NRF2 pathway. What human studies show, why cooked broccoli delivers little of it, and how sprouts or mustard-seed powder restore the missing enzyme.
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